Adaptation to complete removable maxillary plate dentures manufactured using a modified method during dynamic observation

Abstract

The prevalence of complete absence of teeth does not tend to decrease. Complete loss of teeth in the upper jaw occurs faster and earlier than in the lower jaw. Therefore, improving the effectiveness of treatment with complete removable dentures for patients with complete absence of teeth in the upper jaw is an urgent task. The aim of the work is to evaluate the physiological indicators of adaptation to complete removable plate prostheses on the upper jaw, made according to our method in comparison with the traditional method, in the dynamics of observation.
Materials and methods.
96 patients aged 60 to 89 years (elderly and elderly) were examined, who were divided into 2 groups. The first (main) group included 63 people (32 women and 31 men, the average age was 69.8 years), who for orthopedic treatment used our proposed method of obtaining a functional impression from the upper jaw under the control of tolerance of the soft tissues of the anterior soft palate to mechanical stress. The second group (comparison group) included 33 patients (20 women and 13 men, average age — 70.9 years), who had previously received complete removable plate prostheses for the upper jaw using the traditional method, to which they fully adapted, satisfied with them and used them for 1—3 years. Laboratory research methods were performed for each patient in the dynamics of observation.
Results.
It was found that already in the first days after the delivery of the prosthesis, the function of chewing is restored and the electrical potential of the chewing muscles increases, a month after using full removable plate prostheses, the electrical potential of the chewing muscles is balanced, hemodynamics in the distal valvular zone of the prosthesis is restored and swallowing function is significantly improved. Moreover, the swallowing function becomes even better than in persons with complete removable plate prostheses, but made according to the traditional method, i.e. only 400 mg of residual food substance remains in the oral cavity after swallowing, while in the comparison group 550 mg (p≤0.002).
Conclusion.
Thus, adaptation to complete removable plate prostheses made according to a modified method, in particular from the upper jaw, according to the main functional parameters occurs already on the first day after the prosthesis is delivered.