Influence of intracanal drug therapy on the content of proinflammatory interleukins in root canal exudate in teeth with experimental apical periodontitis

Abstract

Material and methods.
The content of proinflammatory interleukins IL-1β and TNF-α in the exudate of the root canal of teeth with preserved and artificially destroyed apical orifice (AO) in the modeling of experimental periodontitis on 12 premolars of the lower jaw of dogs was studied in this work. Interleukins (IL-1β and TNF-α) were determined in root canal exudate by enzyme immunoassay. The dynamics of interleukin content changes after intracanal medical therapy with the calcium hydroxide-based preparation Calasept was analyzed separately in teeth with preserved and artificially destroyed apical foramen.
Results.
The mean IL-1β content in root canal exudate of teeth with destroyed AO was 5.56±0.96 pg/mL, which was significantly higher (p<0.05) than in teeth with preserved apical orifice (2.83±0.43 pg/mL). TNF-α content was not different in teeth with preserved and destroyed AO (p>0.05). Despite significant differences in mean values, IL-1β content was not obligatorily related to AO status (χ2=0.34; p=0.59). As a result of intracanal therapy, in teeth with preserved AO, IL-1β content was 1.41±0.68 pg/mL, which was significantly lower than baseline (t=1.76; p<0.05). In teeth with artificially destroyed AO the IL-1β content was 6.16±1.02 pg/mL, practically did not differ (t=0.43; p>0.05).
Conclusions.
The decrease of IL-1β content in root canal exudate after intracanal medical therapy may be an indirect evidence of the effectiveness of endodontic treatment only in teeth with preserved AO. In teeth with destroyed AO, intracanal medical therapy was not obligatorily associated with a reduction in the inflammatory response in the periodontium.