DOI:

10.37988/1811-153X_2024_2_122

Meta-analysis of clinical studies on the occurrence of biological complications in patients with diabetes with dental implants

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Authors

  • I.A. Lakman 1, PhD in Engineering, assistant professor of the Biomedical engineering Department, head of the Scientific Lab for the study of socio-economic problems of regions
    ORCID: 0000-0001-9876-9202
  • A.A. Dolgalev 2, 3, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor of the Department of General Practice Dentistry and Pediatric Dentistry; head of the Laboratory for the Transfer of Innovative Medical Devices and Technologies
    ORCID: 0000-0002-6352-6750
  • I.N. Usmanova 4, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor of the Therapeutic dentistry Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-1781-0291
  • V.O. Senina 4, postgraduate at the Therapeutic dentistry Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-5593-085X
  • K.E. Zolotaev 5, dental surgeon
    ORCID: 0000-0003-2347-5378
  • D.V. Stomatov 6, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor of the General practice, therapeutic and pediatric dentistry Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-3271-971X
  • G.K. Gezuev 7, prosthodontist, dental surgeon
    ORCID: 0009-0009-8612-4234
  • M.L. Akramov 8, prosthodontist, dental surgeon, dentist
    ORCID: 0009-0007-3021-7496
  • R.M. Omarov 9, prosthodontist, dental surgeon
    ORCID: 0000-0001-8843-4580
  • 1 Ufa University of Science and Technology, 450076, Ufa, Russia
  • 2 Stavropol State Medical University, 355017, Stavropol, Russia
  • 3 Implant Additive Technologies LLC, 355033, Stavropol, Russia
  • 4 Bashkir State Medical University, 450008, Ufa, Russia
  • 5 Dental Polyclinic no. 2, 630075, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • 6 Penza State Institute for Advanced Medical Training, 440060, Penza, Russia
  • 7 Denta-City LLC, 364024, Grozny, Russia
  • 8 “Aurum dent”, 127474, Moscow, Russia
  • 9 “Smile” dental clinic, 628181, Nyagan, Russia

Abstract

Dental implantation and following prosthetic rehabilitation are a widely employed approach for treating patients with teeth loss. Some authors report that the incidence of biological complications in somatically healthy patients can reach 43% in Europe, 22% in North and South America, and between 11.2% and 19% in China. The likelihood of biological complications in dental implantation, both in the short and long-term periods, significantly increases in polymorbid patients, particularly those with type 2 diabetes. Treatment of biological complications, including peri-implantitis, currently lacks a robust evidence base, and existing methods show limited predictability, especially in the presence of proinflammatory systemic conditions. Considering these challenges, the risks of peri-implantitis and implant loss must be assessed by clinicians and patients in advance during the planning stage. The aim of this study is to conduct a meta-analysis of published research to determine the association between diabetes and biological complications in implant therapy.
Materials and methods.
For the meta-analysis, we employed the PRISMA international protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. The search criterion was the studies published not earlier than 2000, devoted to the analysis of the dental implants functioning before and after the prosthetic device placement, as well as the emerged complications in the form of peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis and implant failure in patients with diabetes mellitus. A mandatory inclusion criterion was the presence of information in the literature regarding the risk ratio of implant rejection in the presence of diabetes or data allowing for the calculation of the corresponding risk ratios. PubMed, eLibrary, and international scholarly networks such as ResearchGate and Mendeley were used as databases for article retrieval. The meta-analysis was conducted using the metafor library in the R statistical modeling environment.
Results.
Out of a total of 2411 publications, 11 studies published between 2017 and 2021 were selected following the screening process. Evaluation of potential publication bias among the included studies revealed that 2 studies deviated from homogeneity. After excluding these studies, the Cochrane test confirmed the absence of heterogeneity among the selected 9 studies (Q=6.67, p=0.5732). The meta-analysis result for the occurrence of biological complications in the presence of diabetes, based on the synthesis of 9 studies, is statistically significant with p<0.01 (RR=1.48, 95% CI 1.16—1.88).
Conclusion.
Our conducted meta-analysis confirms the association between diabetes and the development of biological complications in dental implantation. The results obtained can be applied by clinicians in planning the rehabilitation of patients with tooth loss, guiding treatment strategies, and assessing the necessity and justification of implant protocols in specific clinical cases.

Key words:

meta-analysis, dental implantation, implant rejection, biological complications of dental implantation, peri-implantitis, peri implant mucositis, implant failure, diabetes

For Citation

[1]
Lakman I.A., Dolgalev A.A., Usmanova I.N., Senina V.O., Zolotaev K.E., Stomatov D.V., Gezuev G.K., Akramov M.L., Omarov R.M. Meta-analysis of clinical studies on the occurrence of biological complications in patients with diabetes with dental implants. Clinical Dentistry (Russia).  2024; 27 (2): 122—129. DOI: 10.37988/1811-153X_2024_2_122

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Received

January 29, 2024

Accepted

June 8, 2024

Published on

June 28, 2024