DOI:

10.37988/1811-153X_2023_4_134

Study of local immunity in patients with chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis on the background of therapy

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Authors

  • O.V. Tarasova 1, 2, dentist; postgraduate at the Dentistry Department
  • A.V. Shumsky 1, 2, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor, chief physician, executive officer; full professor of the Dentistry Department
    ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8305-6023
  • O.N. Pavlova 2, PhD in Biology, full professor of the Physiology, life safety and disaster medicine Department
    ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8055-1958
  • O.N. Gulenko 2, PhD in Biology, associate professor of the Physiology, life safety and disaster medicine Department
    ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6338-7095
  • 1 Prof. Shumskiy Medical and Training Centre, 443001, Samara, Russia
  • 2 Samara State Medical University, 443099, Samara, Russia

Abstract

Chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis (CRAS) is a disease of the oral mucosa characterized by the appearance of painful round-shaped ulcers on the oral mucosa. CRAS can cause inflammation and disturbance of oxidative homeostasis in oral fluid and the body as a whole. The aim of the study was to investigate the indicators of local immunity in patients with CRAS under different methods of therapy.
Materials and methods.
At the first stage 60 people diagnosed with CRAS (43 women and 17 men aged from 26 to 60 years) were treated with anesthetic (Camistad gel, lidocaine) and antiseptic for 7 days: 30 people used chorhexidine (group I), and 30 — Octenisept (group II). At the next stage, treatment was supplemented with reparants for 14 days. 10 people in each group started using Solcoseryl, Derinat or sea buckthorn oil. Before treatment, on the 7th and 21st day, the indices of local immunity in unstimulated saliva were studied.
Results.
Phagocytic index of saliva in group II patients was slightly higher (4.8—6.3%) than in group I. Spontaneous NST-test of saliva in group II after application of reparants was by 14.3%, 12.2% and 11.6% higher than in group I, stimulated NST-test — by 16.4%, 11.9% and 17.0% after application of Solcoseril, Derinat or sea buckthorn oil respectively. Reserve activity of neutrophils in the saliva of group II patients was 24—26.3% higher than in group. Concentrations of sIgA in saliva of group II patients were 18—24% higher than in group I. Thus, the best results were observed in patients who used Octenisept in combination with Solcoseril as an antiseptic.
Conclusions.
The use of antiseptics in combination with reparants leads to an increase in the functional activity of the cellular immunity link of the oral cavity. The increase in the concentration of sIgA in the oral fluid indicates an increase in the resistance of the mucous membrane, the functional activity of the humoral immunity link of the oral cavity under the immunostimulating effect. On the background of application of antiseptics in combination with various reparants there was a normalization of indicators of local immunity of the oral cavity and, first of all, there is an increase in the activity of the cellular link of immunity.

Key words:

chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis, local immunity, cellular immunity, humoral immunity

For Citation

[1]
Tarasova O.V., Shumsky A.V., Pavlova O.N., Gulenko O.N. Study of local immunity in patients with chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis on the background of therapy. Clinical Dentistry (Russia).  2024; 26 (4): 134—139. DOI: 10.37988/1811-153X_2023_4_134

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Received

July 13, 2023

Accepted

November 28, 2023

Published on

January 16, 2024