DOI:

10.37988/1811-153X_2023_4_116

Dynamics of the microflora of the oral cavity and intra-wound contents in the dental implant area in patients at the surgical stage of treatment, including various antibiotic prophylaxis regimens

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Authors

  • V.R. Gabidullina 1, postgraduate at the Oral surgery propaedeutics Department
    ORCID: 0000-0003-3308-8582
  • M.S. Podporin 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, senior lecturer of the Microbiology, virology, immunology Department
    ORCID: 0000-0001-6785-0016
  • A.M. Tsitsiashvili 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, professor of the Oral surgery propaedeutics Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-4737-8508
  • A.V. Zaborovsky 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, head of the Pharmacology Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-7923-9916
  • A.M. Panin 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor, head of the Oral surgery propaedeutics Department
    ORCID: 0000-0001-6073-1591
  • V.N. Tsarev 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor, head of the Microbiology, virology, immunology Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-3311-0367
  • G.D. Akhmedov 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, professor of the Oral surgery propaedeutics Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-9380-6868
  • 1 Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473, Moscow, Russia

Abstract

Dental implant placement poses a risk of purulent inflammatory complications. Optimal antibiotic prophylaxis schemes lack a consensus. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the oral microbiota and intra-oral content dynamics in the area of dental implants to compare two schemes of antibiotic prophylaxis.
Materials and methods.
There were 30 patients divided into 2 groups of 15 patients each: group I — did not receive antibiotics in the postoperative period; group II — received 1 tablet of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (500 + 125 mg) twice a day for 7 days after surgery. Additionally, each patient took amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (875 + 125 mg) 30 minutes prior to surgery. For the purpose of microbiologic examination, samples were taken from the oral mucosa prior to antibiotic administration, 3—4 months before placement of the gingival shaper, and a plug was taken from the dental implant for examination. The study conducted measurements to determine the number of microorganisms and their resistance to antibiotics.
Results.
The data analysis reliably revealed that the prolonged treatment group displayed fewer microorganisms, including Streptococcus sanguinis (p=0.03), Streptococcus anginosus-constellatus (p=0.04), Staphylococcus spp. (p=0.04), Tanerella forsythia (p=0.02), Fusobacterium nucleatum (p=0.04), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (p<0.001). In the study on antibiotic resistance, a notable rise in resistance was observed against Streptococcus anginosus-constellatus in the prolonged group (p=0.001).
Conclusion.
The longer course of amoxicillin + clavulanic acid reduced the number of microorganisms detected in the internal contents of the wound. However, it also resulted in a greater likelihood of these microorganisms developing antibiotic resistance.

Key words:

oral microbiota, microbiological examination, β-lactamase-protected penicillins, antibiotic prophylaxis, dental implantation

For Citation

[1]
Gabidullina V.R., Podporin M.S., Tsitsiashvili A.M., Zaborovsky A.V., Panin A.M., Tsarev V.N., Akhmedov G.D. Dynamics of the microflora of the oral cavity and intra-wound contents in the dental implant area in patients at the surgical stage of treatment, including various antibiotic prophylaxis regimens. Clinical Dentistry (Russia).  2024; 26 (4): 116—126. DOI: 10.37988/1811-153X_2023_4_116

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Received

September 28, 2023

Accepted

November 30, 2023

Published on

January 16, 2024