Features of the oral microbiome in the association of periodontitis and candidiasis in the postcovid period

Abstract

Improvement of diagnostics and provision of dental care to patients with chronic periodontitis combined with candidal stomatitis is an actual goal of many studies. The COVID-19 pandemic, including the course of its post-candida period, has somewhat changed the view of specialists on the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. The aim of study is metagenomic analysis of microbiota of patients with periodontitis combined with candidal stomatitis in the post-ovoid period.
Materials and methods.
The experimental group I included 12 patients in the post-ovarian period, unvaccinated, diagnosed with candidal stomatitis (B37.0); group II (comparison) included 11 patients not infected with a new coronavirus infection, unvaccinated (material collection was performed before the COVID-19 pandemic). Biomaterial was sampled from periodontal pockets after professional oral hygiene. Culture and morphological properties of fungi of the genus Candida were studied in the classical way, identification was performed using MALDI-TOF MS, metagenomic analysis was performed using Nanodrop ND-2000 spectrophotometer (Wilmington), Quant-iT dsDNA HS analysis kits and MiSeq sequencer (Illumina).
Results.
A total of 117 phylotypes at the genus level belonging to 21 types were identified, and the 34 most abundant phylotypes at the genus level were isolated. In group I patients, the identification of fungi of the genus Candida determined guaranteed genus identification and species strains of Candida albicans DSM 11945 DSM (2.106), Candida albicans CBS 1905 NT CBS (2.037), Candida albicans DSM 3454 DSM (2.011), Candida inconspicua CBS 180T CBS (1.71); and an increased mean Shannon biodistribution index (6.26). When distributing the obtained results to the known microbial periodontal complexes, a reduced number of relative abundance of periodontopathogens of the 1st and 2nd order (3 and 1.38 times, respectively) against the background of an increase in microorganisms-commensals (Actynomyces, Corynebacterium, Leptotrichia) (2.9 times) was revealed, which may indicate a cascade of inflammatory response and change of oral microflora against the background of decreased local or general immunity in the patient.
Conclusion.
The peculiarities of periodontal pocket microbiome in patients with periodontitis and candidiasis in the postcovial period have been revealed, individual representatives of the microbiome have been identified, their features have been described, which gives grounds for the application of various methods of treatment, including minimally invasive therapy, against the background of antimycotics.