Morphological and morphometric variations of the lower jaw: an observational typology

Abstract

The anatomical and morphological structure of the mandible varies significantly among populations and depends largely on many factors such as developmental process, and on concomitant and past diseases, respectively. The purpose of this study was to analyze the morphometric characteristics of the condylar, coronoid processes and the mandibular notch, respectively. >. This study was conducted on certified anatomical material. The study included 49 mandibles. Measurements were conducted on the mandibles using a caliper and a depth gauge. The following parameters were analyzed: for the condylar process (CdP) — shape, width in transverse and sagittal sections, thickness and length of the base, height; for the coronoid process (CrP) — height, length and thickness of the base, shape; for cutting — shape, width, and depth. >. The average age of male and female mandibles was 72.31±2.25 and 74.15±2.34, respectively. The difference between the age of male and female mandibles was not statistically significant (p>0.05). In female mandibles, a lower CdP height was observed (on the right — p=0.028; on the left — p=0.036). In male mandibles, on an average, larger morphometric indicators of CdP were noted. It was noted that with oval CdP there was a lower height of the CrP on the right than with other forms of CdP (p<0.05). The triangular shape of the CrP was the most common, both on the right and left sides, respectively. Most often, a round notch was observed on both sides. >. Our study showed gender differences in its structure of the condylar, coronoid process and mandibular notch, respectively. In male sample, on an average, larger morphometric indicators of MO and CrP were noted. The depth of the tenderloin in female sample was less, and the width was almost the same as the male.