Treatment of abfraction-type wedge defect: A clinical case

Abstract

Abfraction-type wedge defect (K03.18) is a non-carious lesion of the hard tissues of the teeth of a V-shaped form with a “step” and/or well-defined clear areas, localized on the vestibular surface of the teeth in the cervical region. Whether the defect is a true abfraction and not a combined one can be done after in-depth diagnostics, including the use of digital technologies. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the diagnosis and treatment of an abfraction-type wedge defect using digital 3D models of the jaws.
Materials and methods.
A clinical case of diagnosis and treatment of an abfraction-type wedge defect of tooth 4.4 is described. X-ray diagnostics, diagnostics of occlusal relationships of the jaws using digital occlusionograms on 3D models of the jaws and occlusion correction by selective grinding were carried out. Reconstruction of abfraction-teeth was performed under local anesthesia using the split-dam isolation system in multilayer technique with composite materials Filtek Ultimate Flowable and Filtek Ultimate (3M ESPE).
Results.
For 2 years, the quality of the restoration performed was assessed using the clinical criteria of the FDI World Dental Federation. At all times of observation, the restoration met the Alpha criterion (ideal condition): color and light transmission matched, was a continuation of the shape of the tooth, marginal color change was not visualized at the “tooth-restoration” border, there was no violation of marginal adaptation, no recurrence was visualized, the texture was smooth and the restoration has been fully preserved.
Conclusion.
The use of modern digital technologies in diagnostics and treatment of abfraction-type wedge defects makes it possible to identify and eliminate the main etiological factor and increase the effectiveness of restorative treatment.