DOI:

10.37988/1811-153X_2022_1_13

Evaluation of changes in enamel acid resistance and mineral composition during chemical teeth whitening

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Authors

  • O.A. Magsumova 1, assistant at the Therapeutic dentistry Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-0511-6550
  • 1 Samara State Medical University, 443001, Samara, Russia

Abstract

Changes that occur in the enamel of the teeth after the office whitening procedure can lead to the appearance of signs of its focal demineralization, which can be eliminated with the help of various remineralizing agents. However, the issue of changes in the composition and resistance of enamel after the procedure of medical teeth whitening is relevant and understudied. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of chemical teeth whitening on the acid resistance and mineral composition of tooth enamel.
Materials and methods.
The study involved 81 patients aged 22 to 35 years with tooth color A2 and darker according to the Vita Classic scale. Patients with a healthy oral cavity and without general somatic pathology were under observation. Depending on the method of medical teeth whitening, the patients were divided into 2 groups. To assess the resistance of tooth enamel, an enamel resistance test was used before the procedure, after 5—8, 14 and 30 days and 6 months after it. The study of the spectra obtained using the Raman spectroscopy method was carried out at the following observation periods: before, immediately after, 2 weeks and 1 month after the office teeth whitening procedure.
Results.
The next day after the procedure, an increase in the indicators of this test to 8.21±0.09 and 6.42±0.05 (p≤0.05) is revealed, which corresponds to a very low and low enamel caries resistance, which, in our opinion, is associated with the effect of highly concentrated peroxide compounds on tooth enamel. After 5—8 days, the values of the indicator decreased (p≤0.05) and were equal to 4.53±0.07 in the I group and 3.15±0.07 in the II group — moderate caries resistance. After 14 days, the enamel resistance index remained moderate in patients of the I group 4.20±0.06, and in the II group it matched to high caries resistance — 1.59±0.05 (p≤0.05). In patients of the I group, the values of the indicator after a month decreased to 1.61±0.07 (p≤0.05). Changes in the spectra of enamel at different periods of observation after the office teeth whitening procedure are not statistically significant. Carrying out this procedure does not lead to further structural changes in the enamel of the teeth in the immediate and long-term periods of observation.
Conclusion.
Thus, the data of the enamel resistance test in patients of the I group returned to baseline after a month, and in patients of the II group after 2 weeks, which, in our opinion, is due to the 14-day course of remineralizing therapy for patients immediately after the medical teeth whitening procedure. The spectral changes were insignificant. The data obtained indicates the safety of this procedure in the dentist’s office if it is performed correctly using certified systems.

Key words:

medical teeth whitening, enamel resistance, enamel resistance test, discoloration, Raman spectroscopy

For Citation

[1]
Magsumova O.A. Evaluation of changes in enamel acid resistance and mineral composition during chemical teeth whitening. Clinical Dentistry (Russia).  2022; 25 (1): 13—19. DOI: 10.37988/1811-153X_2022_1_13

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Received

January 31, 2022

Accepted

March 15, 2022

Published on

March 1, 2022