DOI:

10.37988/1811-153X_2020_4_32

Diagnostic capabilities of a dentist in detecting neoplasms of the oral mucosa

Authors

  • M.A. Postnikov 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Therapeutic dentistry Department
  • D.A. Trunin 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor of the Dentistry department, director of the Dental Institute
  • A.G. Gabrielyan 1, 2, assistant at the Dentistry department; maxillofacial surgeon in the Head and neck tumor Division
  • V.P. Potapov 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor of the Prosthodontics Department
  • V.P. Kirillova 1, PhD in Medical sciences, associate professor of the Dentistry department
  • 1 Samara State Medical University, 443099, Samara, Russia
  • 2 Samara Regional Oncological Dispensary, 443031, Samara, Russia

Abstract

Differential diagnosis of inflammatory diseases, precancerous and early diagnosis of oral mucosal cancer remains relevant both in dentistry and Oncology. The detection rate of advanced forms of oral mucosal cancer is still high. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of oral mucosal diseases is often limited to visual examination, which is subjective in nature, data is difficult to document and subsequently analyze, which leads to both hypo- and hyperdiagnosis of precancerous and cancer. Materials and methods. The article presents the results of the analysis of outpatient records of 78 patients referred to the Samara regional clinical oncological dispensary in the period from 2014 to 2019 with various pathological formations of the oral mucosa. In the control group (41 patients) — the examination was limited to a survey, examination and palpation. In the main group (37 people) — autofluorescence stomatoscopy was added to the standard methods. Re- sults. It was found that complaints were made more often by patients with inflammatory diseases of the OSR. Tumor formations were more often localized on the tongue and had a predominantly exophytic form of growth. After histological examination, signs of inflammation were more often confirmed in the control group — 39 vs 13.5% in the main group, while signs of pre-cancer and cancer were more often detected in the main group —86.5 vs 61% in the control group (p=0.007). The color glow in the main group correlated with the histological examination data. Conclusions. The use of fluorescence stomatoscopy in addition to traditional methods of examination made it possible to reliably and cost-effectively make a differential diagnosis between inflammation, pre- cancerous and cancer, which is important for the appointment of an invasive biopsy procedure and early diagnosis of OSR cancer, or to limit conservative therapy with subsequent dynamic follow-up by a dentist in an outpatient setting. The analysis of the obtained data indicates the need to im- prove the examination algorithms with the inclusion of fluorescent diagnostic methods.

Key words:

oral mucosa, incisional biopsy, excisional biopsy

For Citation

[1]
Postnikov M.A., Trunin D.A., Gabrielyan A.G., Potapov V.P., Kirillova V.P. Diagnostic capabilities of a dentist in detecting neoplasms of the oral mucosa. Clinical Dentistry (Russia).  2021; 4 (96): 32—36. DOI: 10.37988/1811-153X_2020_4_32

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Published on

January 13, 2021