DOI:

10.37988/1811-153X_2024_4_16

Clinical and immunological assessment of the effectiveness of treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

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Authors

  • L.P. Kiselnikova 1, Doctor of Science in Medicine, full professor of the Pediatric dentistry Department
    ORCID: 0000-0003-2095-9473
  • A.A. Gutnick 1, Assistant at the Pediatric dentistry Department
    ORCID: 0009-0001-1592-8085
  • I.G. Ostrovskaya 1, Doctor of Science in Medicine, full professor of the Biochemistry Department
    ORCID: 0000-0001-6788-4945
  • 1 Russian University of Medicine, 127006, Moscow, Russia

Abstract

It is proved that children and adults suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM-1) have a high prevalence of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Along with traditional methods of treatment of periodontal tissue diseases, new methods based on the local effect of cytokines in the oral cavity have appeared.
Materials and methods.
In the course of the study 3 groups of children 6—17 years old were formed. Group I (n=20) and II (n=19) included patients with DM-1 and signs of periodontal inflammation — chronic catarrhal gingivitis. Children without somatic pathology made up the control group III (n=20). All patients underwent oral cavity sanation. Along with the traditional treatment of periodontal diseases, the patients of group I were prescribed “Superlymph” containing a complex of natural cytokines. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by determining clinical parameters (OHI-S, API, CPI, GI, PMA) and laboratory parameters of oral fluid (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-10, IgA, IgG, IgM) before treatment and after 1 month.
Results.
The treatment results showed improvement in clinical parameters, but more expressed changes were observed in group I children (reduction of CPI by 75%, GI by 57.6%, PMA by 62.5%, OHI-S by 52.6%, API by 49.4%) compared to group II, where CPI decreased by 33%, GI by 35%, PMA by 20%, OHI-S by 33%, API by 66%. In addition, Group I children showed a decrease in the amount of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the oral fluid after treatment. Thus, the level of IL-1β decreased 1.4 times, TNF-α was almost undetectable, the level of IL-4 decreased 2.3 times, and IL-10 was almost undetectable. The content of immunoglobulins also changed positively: the concentration of IgA and IgM decreased 1.2 times, and IgG increased 1.2 times.
Conclusion.
The use of “Superlymph” on the basis of cytokines showed high clinical and immunological efficiency in reducing inflammatory processes of periodontal tissues in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, which allows to include this product in the scheme of complex treatment of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues.

Key words:

children, type 1 diabetes mellitus, cytokines, periodontal diseases

For Citation

[1]
Kiselnikova L.P., Gutnick A.A., Ostrovskaya I.G. Clinical and immunological assessment of the effectiveness of treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Clinical Dentistry (Russia).  2024; 27 (4): 16—22. DOI: 10.37988/1811-153X_2024_4_16

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Received

July 29, 2024

Accepted

October 31, 2024

Published on

December 17, 2024