DOI:

10.37988/1811-153X_2023_2_38

Characteristics of the oral microbiota in patients with diseases of mouth mucosa after new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)

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Authors

  • I.M. Rabinovich 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor of the Therapeutic dentistry Department
    ORCID: 0000-0001-8539-814X
  • O.S. Gileva 2, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor of the Therapeutic dentistry and dentistry diseases propaedeutics Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-4289-6285
  • G.M. Akmalova 3, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor of the Pediatric dentistry and orthodontics Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-8487-1879
  • M.F. Kabirova 3, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor, dean of the Dentistry faculty
    ORCID: 0000-0002-0372-8617
  • I.A. Gimranova 3, PhD in Medical Sciences, assistant professor, acting head of the Fundamental and applied microbiology Department
    ORCID: 0000-0003-3330-9437
  • B.K. Urgunaliev 4, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor and head of the Surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-5581-7136
  • A.A. Aznagulov 5, chief physician
    ORCID: 0000-0001-9891-2398
  • G.F. Hasanova 3, senior lecturer of the Fundamental and applied microbiology Department
    ORCID: 0009-0005-0867-4653
  • G.R. Gazizullina 3, head of the Human microbiome Lab
    ORCID: 0009-0005-2508-7901
  • N.D. Chernysheva 6, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Therapeutic dentistry and dentistry diseases propaedeutics Department
    ORCID: 0000-0001-7351-4502
  • A.A. Epishova 6, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Therapeutic dentistry and dentistry diseases propaedeutics Department
    ORCID: 0000-0001-8449-077X
  • 1 Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, 119021, Moscow, Russia
  • 2 Perm State Medical University, 614000, Perm, Russia
  • 3 Bashkir State Medical University, 450000, Ufa, Russia
  • 4 Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbayev, 720020, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
  • 5 Dental Polyclinic no. 2, 450075, Ufa, Russia
  • 6 Ural State Medical University, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia

Abstract

Even asymptomatic forms of COVID-19 in the long term after infection can have adverse consequences, primarily associated with a violation (often weakening) of the immune system, including local oral immunity. In maintaining the necessary balance of immune homeostasis of the human body, a significant role is given to the state of the human microbiome. The aim of the work was to study the species and quantitative composition of the oral microbiota in patients with diseases of the oral mucosa in the post-COVID period.
Materials and methods.
We examined 48 patients who applied for dental care for exacerbation of diseases of the oral mucosa, such as lichen planus (LP) and recurrent aphthae. Depending on the past history of COVID-19, patients were divided into 2 groups: I — 26 patients who recovered from a new coronavirus infection; II — 22 patients without a history of COVID-19.
Results.
One of the dominant in terms of quantitative indicators of microbial contamination and the frequency of detection in all patients was the association of Streptococcus spp. with Staphylococcus aureus against the background of a decrease in the number of Lactobacillus spp. The average concentration of S. mutans (6.09±0.94 lg CFU/ml) in group I was significantly higher than in group II (4.36±0.80 lg CFU/ml; p<0.001). S. mitis occurred in both groups, but in group I 1.7 times more often, in 46% of cases, than in group II (27%). In 55% of patients of group I, S. aureus was isolated on average in the amount of 3.09±2.98 lg CFU/ml, which is significantly more than in patients of group II (1.09±1.38 lg CFU/ml; p<0.05) isolated in 46% of cases. In patients of group I, the highest increase in the number of S. mutans was observed than in group II (4.67±1.83 and 3.45±1.12 lg CFU/ml, respectively), and the incidence rate was lower by 7% in group I group (93 and 100%, respectively). In more than 1/2 patients with LP after COVID-19 (group I), a diagnostically significant increase in contamination with Candida spp. — 3.09±2.11 lg CFU/ml.
Conclusion.
The obtained results indicate negative trends in the oral health of the examined patients with diseases of the oral mucosa in the post-COVID period, associated with significant changes in the composition of the oral microbiota.

Key words:

COVID-19, local immunity, postcovid period, diseases of the oral mucosa, oral microbiota

For Citation

[1]
Rabinovich I.M., Gileva O.S., Akmalova G.M., Kabirova M.F., Gimranova I.A., Urgunaliev B.K., Aznagulov A.A., Hasanova G.F., Gazizullina G.R., Chernysheva N.D., Epishova A.A. Characteristics of the oral microbiota in patients with diseases of mouth mucosa after new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Clinical Dentistry (Russia).  2023; 26 (2): 38—43. DOI: 10.37988/1811-153X_2023_2_38

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Received

March 28, 2023

Accepted

June 7, 2023

Published on

July 6, 2023