DOI:

10.37988/1811-153X_2022_2_112

Improvement of the protocols for the analysis of cone-beam computed tomograms of orthodontic patients

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Authors

  • N.S. Drobysheva 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Orthodontics Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-5612-3451
  • A.B. Mallaeva 1, orthodontist
    ORCID: 0000-0001-8519-0605
  • V.V. Petrovskaya 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Radiology Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-8298-9913
  • P.Sh. Dibirova 1, postgraduate at the Orthodontics Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-5017-1006
  • D.A. Lezhnev 1, 2, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor of the Radiology Department; professor of the Therapeutic dentistry Department
    ORCID: 0000-0002-7163-2553
  • L.A. Drobysheva 1, student at the Faculty of Medicine
    ORCID: 0000-0003-2118-5000
  • 1 Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473, Moscow, Russia
  • 2 Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125993, Moscow, Russia

Abstract

According to various authors, the prevalence of occlusal anomalies that are accompanied by functional and morphological disorders of the maxillary system is 24.5-37.3%. In addition, the altered facial aesthetics has a negative impact on the psychological state and social adaptation of patients. Planning orthodontic treatment requires comprehensive diagnostics, including anthropometric examination of plaster jaw models, analysis of orthopantomograms, teleroentgenograms of the skull in lateral and straight projections, computer tomograms. It is impossible to plan orthodontic treatment without an adequate assessment of the position of these teeth in the dental arch, the thickness of the alveolar ridge and the transversal dimensions of the jaws.
Materials and methods.
105 patients with occlusal malocclusion were examined and underwent cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) examination.
Results.
We have developed the algorithm of analysis of cone-beam computed tomograms of patients, built and calculated morphometric parameters including transversal dimensions of jaws on the basis of Pennsylvania University basic methodology. The data were used to analyze the thickness of the alveolar ridge of the jaws and transversal dimensions of the jaws. According to CBCT data, the examined patients revealed a sharp thinning of vestibular cortical plates at the level of frontal teeth: in 26.6% of cases (n=28) on the lower jaw and in 34.3% of cases (n=36) on the upper jaw. Thinning of the vestibular cortical plate at the level of teeth 1.4-1.6, 2.4-2.6 was detected in 24 patients. This pattern, which can be seen in our study, corresponds to the results of other authors as well. The results obtained allowed us to determine the peculiarities in the displacement of the teeth relative to the cortical plates of the alveolar ridge. The normal ratio of jaw sizes was detected only in 33.3% of cases (n=35). According to the results of the analysis, 52 (49.5%) patients had narrowing of the maxilla, where half of the cases had ridge bone atrophy in thickness. In the remaining cases, a narrowing of the mandible was determined.
Conclusion.
Structured and standardized CBCT analysis protocols allowed us to evaluate the differences in morphometric parameters of the facial skull in orthodontic patients with various occlusal anomalies.

Key words:

cone beam computed tomography, thickness of the alveolar ridge, transversal dimensions of the jaws, anomalies of occlusion

For Citation

[1]
Drobysheva N.S., Mallaeva A.B., Petrovskaya V.V., Dibirova P.Sh., Lezhnev D.A., Drobysheva L.A. Improvement of the protocols for the analysis of cone-beam computed tomograms of orthodontic patients. Clinical Dentistry (Russia).  2022; 25 (2): 112—118. DOI: 10.37988/1811-153X_2022_2_112

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Received

January 20, 2022

Published on

June 1, 2022