Functional activity of antiradical protection enzymes in the oral fluid of patients with peri-implantitis with different types of therapy

Abstract

Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory process in the gingival cuff accompanied by bone resorption. Any inflammatory process contributes to imbalance in the system of redox processes in the body, leading to oxidative stress. The aim of the investigation is to study functional activity of the enzymes of antiradical protection in the oral liquid of the patients with peri-implantitis and to determine the optimal therapy of the given condition.
Materials and methods.
There was assessed the functional activity of antiradical protection enzymes in oral liquid of 120 patients (66 women and 54 men from 30 till 60 years old) diagnosed with peri-implantitis divided into 4 equal groups by the way of treatment: without treatment (control), after administration of organic boron in the form of calcium borogluconate (I group), treatment with dimephosphon (II group) and complex application of boron and dimephosphon (III group). Activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase were determined by standard methods.
Results.
Disbalance in functioning of enzymes of oral antiradical protection was revealed in patients with peri-implantitis. It was found out that the activity of antiradical protection enzymes was considerably decreased at peri-implantitis, but using of boron preparations during 30 days the catalase activity was increased by 26,7%, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity — by 61,3%, glutathione reductase (GR) activity — by 41,9% and glutathione peroxidase (GP) activity — by 91,5% in comparison with the indices before treatment. Therapy with dimephosphone also helps to increase the activity of antioxidant pool enzymes: thus, the activity of catalase increased by 38.5%, SOD — by 61.7%, GR — by 43.3%, and GP activity — by 123.7% compared with values before therapy. Complex therapy with boron and dimephosphon to a greater extent stimulates the activity of antioxidant enzymes: the activity of catalase increased by 53.3%, SOD — by 87.1%, GR — by 56.9%, GR — by 120.4% compared with values before therapy. The initial activity of catalase, SOD, GP and GR in the oral fluid of the three experimental groups differed significantly from the data obtained at the end of the study. Discussion. The obtained data agree on the whole with the idea of peri-implantitis as an inflammatory disease accompanied by metabolic disorders, which are always complicated by the development of oxidative stress due to the close anatomical-functional link with the air oxygen.
Conclusion.
Administration of boron (calcium borogluconate), treatment with dimephosphone and complex application of boron and dimephosphone preparations contribute to restoration of disturbed oxidative homeostasis in oral fluid. Complex therapy is most effective.