DOI:

10.37988/1811-153X_2025_4_40

Chronic generalized periodontitis in patients with bronchial asthma (a review)

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Authors

  • I.V. Bugorkov 1, Doctor of Science in Medicine, associate professor and head of the Dentistry Department
    ORCID: 0009-0005-9493-9354
  • N.Y. Grytskevych 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Dentistry Department
    ORCID: 0009-0007-7158-7864
  • S.R. Maytamalova 1, clinical resident of the Dentistry Department
    ORCID: 0009-0003-9298-6240
  • 1 Donetsk State Medical University, 283003, Donetsk, Russia

Abstract

Bronchial asthma (BA) is a polyethological disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract. To date, the relationship between asthma and periodontal diseases has been scientifically and clinically proven. In patients with bronchial asthma, the barrier properties of the oral mucosa deteriorate, which creates unfavorable conditions for the hard tissues of teeth and periodontitis, increasing the effects of pathogenic microflora and other factors. Inhaled corticosteroids (IGCS) are used as the basic therapy for asthma. This group of hormonal drugs leads to an imbalance of the acid-base balance towards acidosis. As a result of the use of corticosteroids in the treatment of BA, the local immunity of the oral cavity changes in a negative direction, which leads to the presence of permanent destructive processes in periodontal tissues. Taking into account the data from clinical trials, there was an interest in reviewing information sources on the relationship between the diagnosis and treatment of asthma and periodontal pathology. A systematic review of scientific literature from 2020 to 2025 was conducted. The article highlights the results of various authors’ observations on the course of chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) in patients with hormone-dependent asthma. Various modern methods of treatment, the effectiveness of medications and physiotherapeutic methods for the correction of inflammatory periodontal diseases are considered.
Conclusion.
The relationship between periodontal disease and asthma should be studied from various angles, including the development of the disease, the frequency of exacerbations, decreased lung function, and a deterioration in the quality of life. The pathogenetic relationship between long-term use of IGCS and the development of osteoporotic changes in the alveolar bone of patients with CGP with a history of hormone-dependent asthma has been determined. The topic of the relationship between CGP and asthma against the background of chronic stress is also touched upon. It is necessary to further study this topic with the development of innovative methods of treating CGP on the background of asthma.

Key words:

periodontal tissue diseases, bronchial asthma, inhaled corticosteroids, osteoporosis, chronic stress.

For Citation

[1]
Bugorkov I.V., Grytskevych N.Y., Maytamalova S.R. Chronic generalized periodontitis in patients with bronchial asthma (a review). Clinical Dentistry (Russia).  2025; 28 (4): 40—48. DOI: 10.37988/1811-153X_2025_4_40

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Received

April 3, 2025

Accepted

September 29, 2025

Published on

December 18, 2025