Preservation of the removed tooth well as a stage of preparation for prosthetics based on dental implants

Abstract

Preservation of jaw bone volume after tooth extraction is extremely important for predictable orthopedic treatment based on dental implants. Objective — using the example of the Bioplast-Dent group of preparations (VladMiVa, Russia) to study the data on preserving the height and width of the socket of an extracted tooth by preserving the bone defect with osteoplastic materials based on demineralized bone collagen in combination with a collagen matrix.
Materials and methods.
A study was conducted in 35 patients who were shown to remove teeth with subsequent delayed implantation. The comparison group included 18 patients who did not have well preservation after removal. The height and width of the wells were estimated from CBCT data before tooth extraction and after 12—14 weeks. On the coronary section of the tomogram, the height of the wells was measured by plotting segments from the mandibular canal, the bottom of the maxillary sinus or nasal cavity to the edge of the tooth socket from the vestibular, palatal, lingual surfaces. The measurement of the width of the wells was carried out on the axial section of the tomogram in the widest zone of the well. In the coronary section of the tomogram, the segments that are the height of the palatal/lingual and vestibular walls of the well, the width of the well was plotted so as to form a triangle. Further, in the zone of the “triangle”, the thickness of the alveolar process on the upper jaws and the alveolar part on the lower jaw in the middle third of the tooth socket was measured.
Results.
In the upper incisors and canines, premolars of the upper and lower jaws and in the molars of the lower jaw, the preservation of the height of the bone walls of the wells was, on average, more than 90% of the original. A decrease in horizontal dimensions was noted to a greater extent in the area of the second molars, but in all cases, the horizontal dimensions of the wells allowed the installation of dental implants of a standard size of 4.0 mm or more.
Conclusion.
The use of domestic materials “Bioplast-Dent” is effective in preserving the socket of the removed tooth. It allows you to preserve the volume of bone tissue (height and width) and create favorable conditions for the installation of dental implants of standard diameter.