DOI:

10.37988/1811-153X_2022_1_54

Cytological features of peripheral blood leukocytes in patients with facial phlegmon

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Authors

  • I.A. Boev 1, dentist at the University dental Hospital, PhD candidate at the Oral and maxillofacial surgery Department
    ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9682-7680
  • 1 Perm State Medical University, 614000, Perm, Russia

Abstract

Leukocytes involved in the development of the facial phlegmon inflammatory process are influenced by the microflora and its metabolites, as well as by the decaying tissues of the patient. Relatively little attention is paid to the cytological features of peripheral blood leukocytes and exudate in facial phlegmon. The aim of the research was to study some of the cytological features of neutrophilic leukocytes and monocytes of peripheral blood and exudate in patients with facial phlegmon.
Materials and methods.
Evaluation of the content of certain types of leukocytes and their cytological features was carried out on smears obtained from samples of peripheral blood from 18 patients with a diagnosis of facial phlegmon and 29 healthy donors. Exudate samples were taken from patients at the stage of surgical treatment. The smears were fixed with May—Grünwald solution and stained according to the Romanovsky—Giemsa method.
Results.
It was shown that under facial phlegmon an increase in the number of leukocytes with a shift of the formula to the left was observed. At the same time, the segmentation of the nucleus of blood neutrophils increases, which may be necessary to facilitate their migration to the inflammation focus. Vacuolization of the cytoplasm is characteristic of blood monocytes. The cellular composition of the exudate in facial phlegmon is represented mainly by neutrophils (74.6±6.6%) and monocytes. Vacuolization of exudate monocytes is significantly more pronounced than those in the blood. Thus, the number of monocytes with vacuoles was 3 times more, and with inclusions — 13 times more than in the same patients in the blood. The revealed cytological changes indicate that two factors are likely to act in the pathogenesis of facial phlegmon: an increase in the microbial load and tissue decay products.
Conclusion.
Thus, the revealed cytological changes in leukocytes in facial phlegmon indicate, on the one hand, their activation, and on the other, a greater severity of cell destruction.

Key words:

leukocytes, facial phlegmon, neutrophils, monocytes, cytological features

For Citation

[1]
Boev I.A. Cytological features of peripheral blood leukocytes in patients with facial phlegmon. Clinical Dentistry (Russia).  2022; 25 (1): 54—57. DOI: 10.37988/1811-153X_2022_1_54

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Received

November 26, 2021

Accepted

February 28, 2022

Published on

March 1, 2022