Prevalence and treatment of partial dentition defects in children (literature review)

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Authors

  • A.I. Medveditskova 1, assistant at the Therapeutic dentistry Department
    ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9950-1363
  • M.Ya. Abramova 2, PhD in Medical Sciences, full professor of the Therapeutic dentistry Department
    ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7762-1540
  • A.Z. Isamulaeva 1, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor and head of the Therapeutic dentistry Department
    ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9674-2812
  • A.A. Bashtovoy 3, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Dentistry Department
    ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3642-967X
  • 1 Astrakhan State Medical University, 414000, Astrakhan, Russia
  • 2 Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473, Moscow, Russia
  • 3 Central State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential affairs, 121359, Moscow, Russia

Abstract

The prevalence of partial dentition defects among dentoalveolar anomalies in children is less than 1% in the general population, with incisors being the most commonly affected type of teeth. A 1.28 times higher frequency of adentia in females than in males is characteristic only of hypodentia, while males suffer from congenital multiple absence of teeth 1.22 times more often. The frequency of distribution of congenitally missing teeth by class in individuals of different ethnic groups varies significantly, as in Europeans, edentulousness of the second lower premolars, lateral incisors of the upper jaw and second upper premolars prevails. In the Slavic peoples and the Brazilian population, in terms of the frequency of congenital absence, the lateral incisors of the upper jaw dominate, followed by the lower, and then the upper premolars. Representatives of the Mongoloid race (Japan, South Korea) more often have adentia of the lower incisors, then the second lower premolars, as well as the second upper premolars. General or pediatric dentists can facilitate multidisciplinary treatment by diagnosing congenital absence of deciduous teeth and then referring patients at an early stage; since the absence of deciduous teeth is closely related to the absence of their permanent successors. The edentulous space can either be left open for prosthetics or closed with orthodontic aids. Treatment in severe cases is quite complex and should be carried out in specialized clinics with access to pediatric dentistry, orthodontics, prosthetics, and maxillofacial surgery.

Key words:

children, partial defects of the dentition, treatment

For Citation

[1]
Medveditskova A.I., Abramova M.Ya., Isamulaeva A.Z., Bashtovoy A.A. Prevalence and treatment of partial dentition defects in children (literature review). Clinical Dentistry (Russia).  2021; 24 (2): 81—87

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Received

February 9, 2021

Accepted

April 13, 2021

Published on

June 1, 2021